问题描述：
英语翻译
Although the Jordanian air quality standards limit particulate
matter in the air space,there is no current limitation on con-
centration or mass loading of heavy metals due to particulate
emissions.The purpose of this study was to quantify the metal
concentrations and the distribution of those concentrations in
the dry deposition in areas surrounding the cement plant in the
city of Fuhais,Jordan,and to compare those results with those
found in a similar dry deposition samples collected from an un-
affected reference area.Momani et al.(2000) and Jiries et al.
(2002) have documented heavy metal content in rooftop dust in
Amman,Jordan.Heavymetals are contained in trace concentrations in the raw
materials used to manufacture cement (Serclerat et al.,2000).
The concentrations of heavy metals in the resultant ash from
cement manufacturing increase depending on the fuel source
(Kikuchi,2001).AbdelRazaq et al.(1999) investigated the effect
of cement-industry dust emissions on the nitrogen and phospho-
rus content of vegetation in Al-Rashadia,Jordan.Fatima et al.
(2001) investigated the chromosomal aberrations inmen in India
and correlated the results to exposure to cement dust.Legator
et al.(1998) found a high statistical signi?cance in the relation-
ship between symptoms of respiratory effects in humans and
proximity to cement kilns.Al and silica are the prime compo-
nents of cement dust and several investigators have reported the
adverse effects of Al in living systems (Ajoy et al.,1990; Ballal
et al.,2004; Garruto et al.,1984).Nickiforov et al.(1979) mea-
sure the accumulation of heavymetals in the body tissues of rab-
bits in the vicinity of cement plant discharges,and the negative
impact of toxic metals in cement dust on the abundance and size
characteristics of plants has been investigated (Iqbal and Sha?g,
2001).Materials and Methods
Dry deposition samples were collected from the rooftops of
houses in Fuhais in a distributed systematic pattern from the
four directional quadrants around the cement factory during thesummer of 2004 (as shown in Figure 1) to investigate the impact
of the cement plant TSP discharge on the surrounding city.The
sampling strategy took into consideration the dominant wind di-
rection (northwest) in addition to the heavy transportationmove-
ment in the investigated area.Therefore,sites that are located
south and east of the point-source pollution (the JCF) are the
primary targets of airborne pollutant emissions.For compari-
son,samples were collected from a remote reference site,where
absence of cement industry in?uences and limited anthropogenic
activities are the dominant conditions.Roof dust deposits were
sampled from each station (represented by asterisks in Figure 1)
by using a clean plastic bucket to capture the dust deposition.A
clean plastic dustpan,brush,and scoop were used to remove the
samples from the buckets.
Although the Jordanian air quality standards limit particulate
matter in the air space,there is no current limitation on con-
centration or mass loading of heavy metals due to particulate
emissions.The purpose of this study was to quantify the metal
concentrations and the distribution of those concentrations in
the dry deposition in areas surrounding the cement plant in the
city of Fuhais,Jordan,and to compare those results with those
found in a similar dry deposition samples collected from an un-
affected reference area.Momani et al.(2000) and Jiries et al.
(2002) have documented heavy metal content in rooftop dust in
Amman,Jordan.Heavymetals are contained in trace concentrations in the raw
materials used to manufacture cement (Serclerat et al.,2000).
The concentrations of heavy metals in the resultant ash from
cement manufacturing increase depending on the fuel source
(Kikuchi,2001).AbdelRazaq et al.(1999) investigated the effect
of cement-industry dust emissions on the nitrogen and phospho-
rus content of vegetation in Al-Rashadia,Jordan.Fatima et al.
(2001) investigated the chromosomal aberrations inmen in India
and correlated the results to exposure to cement dust.Legator
et al.(1998) found a high statistical signi?cance in the relation-
ship between symptoms of respiratory effects in humans and
proximity to cement kilns.Al and silica are the prime compo-
nents of cement dust and several investigators have reported the
adverse effects of Al in living systems (Ajoy et al.,1990; Ballal
et al.,2004; Garruto et al.,1984).Nickiforov et al.(1979) mea-
sure the accumulation of heavymetals in the body tissues of rab-
bits in the vicinity of cement plant discharges,and the negative
impact of toxic metals in cement dust on the abundance and size
characteristics of plants has been investigated (Iqbal and Sha?g,
2001).Materials and Methods
Dry deposition samples were collected from the rooftops of
houses in Fuhais in a distributed systematic pattern from the
four directional quadrants around the cement factory during thesummer of 2004 (as shown in Figure 1) to investigate the impact
of the cement plant TSP discharge on the surrounding city.The
sampling strategy took into consideration the dominant wind di-
rection (northwest) in addition to the heavy transportationmove-
ment in the investigated area.Therefore,sites that are located
south and east of the point-source pollution (the JCF) are the
primary targets of airborne pollutant emissions.For compari-
son,samples were collected from a remote reference site,where
absence of cement industry in?uences and limited anthropogenic
activities are the dominant conditions.Roof dust deposits were
sampled from each station (represented by asterisks in Figure 1)
by using a clean plastic bucket to capture the dust deposition.A
clean plastic dustpan,brush,and scoop were used to remove the
samples from the buckets.
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