英语 现在时 过去时 现在完成时的用法

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英语 现在时 过去时 现在完成时的用法
1个回答 分类:英语 2014-09-26

问题解答:

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最佳答案检举 一,现在进行时的构成
现在进行时由"be+v-ing"构成.be应为助动词,初学者最容易漏掉,它应与主语的人称和数保持一致.
二,现在进行时的应用
在实际运用时,现在进行时常用以下几种情况:
(1)当句子中有now时,常表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时.如:
They are playing basketball now.现在他们正在打篮球.
(2)以look, listen开头的句子,提示我们动作正进行,这时要用现在进行时.如:
Listen!She is singing an English song.听,她正在唱英语歌.
(3)表示当前一段时间或现阶段正在进行的动作,且此时有this week, these days等时间状语,这时常用现在进行时.如:
We are making model planes these days.这些天我们在做飞机模型.
(4)描述图片中的人物的动作,也为了表达更生动.此时也常用现在进行时.如:
Look at the picture. The children are flying kites in the park.看这幅图,那些孩子正在公园放风筝.
三,现在进行时的变化
肯定句式:主语+be( am, is, are)+现在分词+其它.
否定句式:主语+be(am, is, are) +not +现在分词+其它.
一般疑问句:Be(am, is, are) +主语+现在分词+其它?
特殊疑问句:疑问词+be(am, is, are)+主语+现在分词+其它?
对现在进行时的特殊疑问句的回答,它不可以用Yes或No直接作答,要根据实际情况回答.四,现在进行时的用法(包括高级用法)1,表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作.
Please don't make so much noise. I'm writing a composition. 不要吵闹.我正在写作文.
Let's set off. It isn’t raining now. 咱们出发吧.现在不下雨了.
这类情况常与now现在,at the present现在,at the moment现在,today今天,this week这个星期,this year今年等时间状语连用.有时通过上下文可以判断出应采用何种时态,如:
It's four o'clock in the afternoon. The children are playing football on the sports ground. 现在是下午四点.孩子们在操场上踢足球.
Hurry up! We are all waiting for you. 快点!我们大家都等着你.
Look! They are reading over there under the tree. 看!他们在那边的树底下看书.
Listen! She is singing in the room. 听!她在房间里唱歌.
Where is Kate? She is reading in the room. 凯特在哪里?她在房间里看书.
Why are you crying? Is something wrong?
为什么哭呢?有什么不对?2,表示现阶段正在进行而说话时不一定在进行的动作.
We are working in a factory these days. 这几天我们在一家工厂工作.
They are compiling a dictionary. 他们在编一本词典.
这类情况常与today今天,this week这个星期,this evening今天晚上,these days现在、目前等时间状语连用.3,在口语中表示主语计划将要作的动作.
They are leaving for New York tomorrow. 明天他们将要动身前往纽约.
Is your brother departing soon? 你的兄弟很快就要启程吗?
这类情况常与come来,go去, leave离开,depart离开,arrive到达,stay逗留,start开始等动词连用.所用的动词必须是动作而不是状态,主语必须是人.4,现在进行时与always等副词连用时带有感情色彩.
He's always quarrelling with others. 他老喜欢跟别人吵架.
She is constantly worrying about her son's health. 她不停地为她儿子的健康担心着.
The boy is forever asking questions. 那个男孩老是问问题.
这类情况常与always总是,usually通常,continually不断的,constantly经常的,forever永远、老是等副词连用.5,有的现在进行时句子和一般现在时同义.用现在进行时表示问者的关切心情.
How are you feeling today? (How do you feel today?)你今天感觉如何?
I am looking (look)forward to your next visit. 我盼望你下次再来.
Why are you looking(do you look)so sad? 为什么你看起来这么愁眉苦脸的样子呢?6,有的动词用于现在进行时表示“逐渐”的含义.此种用法除了偶尔和now连用外,一般不和其他时间副词连用的.
Our study is becoming more interesting. 我们的学习变得越来越有趣了.
The leaves are turning red. 树叶渐渐地变红了.
The war is ending. 战争接近尾声了.
Wait a moment; I am finishing my supper. 等一会儿,我的晚饭就要吃完了.
适合于此种用法的动词有:bet/grow/become/turn/run/go变成,begin开始,forget忘记,remember记得,die死,finish完成,find发现,rise增强等.7,“be”动词的现在进行时.“be”动词用于现在进行时表示说话者认为是短暂的、和平常不一样的、甚至是伪装的.
He is being foolish. 他在装傻.
He is being honest. 他表现得特别老实.
She is being rude. 她故意表现粗鲁.
I can't understand why he is being so selfish.我不明白此时他为何如此自私.
适合于此种用法的有:foolish愚蠢的,nice好的,kind好心的,careful细心的,patient耐心的,lazy懒惰的,silly傻的,rude粗鲁的,polite礼貌的,impolite无礼的等表示人的特性、性格的形容词.(“be”动词用于现在进行时表示人的行为,纯粹表示心理或生理的状态而不带有行动时或主语不是人时,“be”动词不能用于现在进行时)如:
I am happy.(表语是纯粹的心理状态,不可用am being) 我很快乐.
He's tired.(表语是纯粹的生理状态,不可用is being) 他很疲倦.
It's hot today.(主语不是人,不可用is being) 今天很热. 常和现在进行时连用的时间状语
最佳答案检举 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态.常和表示过去的时间状语连用.如:last year, yesterday,once等
一般过去时由动词的过去式表示,动词be有was, were两个过去式,was用于第一、三人称单数,were用于其他情况.在构成否定及疑问句时,一般都借助助动词did, 动词be有其独特的疑问及否定形式(基本上和一般现在时一致).
1)在确定的过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态.
时间状语有:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, in 1982等.
Where did you go just now?
2)表示在过去一段时间内,经常性或习惯性的动作.
When I was a child, I often played football in the street.
Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome.
3)句型:
It is time for sb. to do sth "到……时间了" "该……了"
It is time sb. did sth. "时间已迟了" "早该……了"
It is time for you to go to bed. 你该睡觉了.
It is time you went to bed. 你早该睡觉了.
would (had) rather sb. did sth. 表示'宁愿某人做某事'
I'd rather you came tomorrow.
4) wish, wonder, think, hope 等用过去时,作试探性的询问、请求、建议等.
I thought you might have some. 我以为你想要一些.
比较:
一般过去时表示的动作或状态都已成为过去,现已不复存在.
Christine was an invalid all her life.
(含义:她已不在人间.)
Christine has been an invalid all her life.
(含义:她现在还活着)
Mrs. Darby lived in Kentucky for seven years.
(含义:达比太太已不再住在肯塔基州.)
Mrs. Darby has lived in Kentucky for seven years.
( 含义:现在还住在肯塔基州,有可能指刚离去)
注意: 用过去时表示现在,表示委婉语气.
1)动词want, hope, wonder, think, intend 等.
Did you want anything else?
I wondered if you could help me.
2)情态动词 could, would.
Could you lend me your bike?
参考资料:http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/3378277.html?fr=qrl3
 
 
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