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The environment in which human beings exist is chemically complex.No part of that environment,however,is as chemically complex as the food and beverages humans routinely consume.The human diet includes substances that provide nutrition,such as proteins,carbohydrates,fast,vitamins,and minerals. The human diet also includes other natural parts of plant and animalproducts, mostly organic(carbon containing) chemicals.These chemicals add flavor and aroma to food.Coffee,for example, contains nearly two hundred organic chemicals--all natural parts of the coffee bean.There are hundreds of thousands of other non-nutrtive food substances that people eat.Few of them have been studied.
Human beings have never been content to leave their diets alone.Since ancient times they have added various substances to theri food.They have used both natural and synthetic substances to change theri food and to improve its taste and texture.They have also added substances to add sweetness,color,or fat to their food.In more recent times,people have introduced new food processing and packaging methods.Most of these methods rely on chemical substances that are added to food products to preserve them.Usually these chemicals are added in small amounts.
Problems arise when food crops are treated with pesticides.Sometimes these pesiticides remain on the food as a residue(a thin covering). Typically,pesticides are not beneficial for humans animal care sometimes remain in meat,milk,and eggs.these additives increase the numbers of chemicals present in the human diet.
Finally,there are some substances that contaminate the diet.Various microbial agents(such as bacteria)can contaminate improperly treated or protected food.Some microbes can cause serious illness.Industrial chemicals such as lead,mercury,and PCBs can also enter the food chain.These chemicals are dangerous although many foods naturally contain small amounts of some of these substances.
There are six main questions that must be answered to understand the role of diet in human health:(1)What levels of calorie and nutirent intake increase health benefits and lower the risk of disease?(2)What natural,non-nutritive parts of the diet pose risks to health --or improve health--and at what levels?(3)What contaminants--either natural or industrial in origin--are dangerous?(4)Do substances added to the human diet pose health risks?(5)Which people are most affected by substances added to the diet,and in what amounts?What factors--such as age,sex,genetics-- affect an individual's risk of being affected by factors in the diet?(6)What diet is best for promoting health and preventing disease?
The environment in which human beings exist is chemically complex.No part of that environment,however,is as chemically complex as the food and beverages humans routinely consume.The human diet includes substances that provide nutrition,such as proteins,carbohydrates,fast,vitamins,and minerals. The human diet also includes other natural parts of plant and animalproducts, mostly organic(carbon containing) chemicals.These chemicals add flavor and aroma to food.Coffee,for example, contains nearly two hundred organic chemicals--all natural parts of the coffee bean.There are hundreds of thousands of other non-nutrtive food substances that people eat.Few of them have been studied.
Human beings have never been content to leave their diets alone.Since ancient times they have added various substances to theri food.They have used both natural and synthetic substances to change theri food and to improve its taste and texture.They have also added substances to add sweetness,color,or fat to their food.In more recent times,people have introduced new food processing and packaging methods.Most of these methods rely on chemical substances that are added to food products to preserve them.Usually these chemicals are added in small amounts.
Problems arise when food crops are treated with pesticides.Sometimes these pesiticides remain on the food as a residue(a thin covering). Typically,pesticides are not beneficial for humans animal care sometimes remain in meat,milk,and eggs.these additives increase the numbers of chemicals present in the human diet.
Finally,there are some substances that contaminate the diet.Various microbial agents(such as bacteria)can contaminate improperly treated or protected food.Some microbes can cause serious illness.Industrial chemicals such as lead,mercury,and PCBs can also enter the food chain.These chemicals are dangerous although many foods naturally contain small amounts of some of these substances.
There are six main questions that must be answered to understand the role of diet in human health:(1)What levels of calorie and nutirent intake increase health benefits and lower the risk of disease?(2)What natural,non-nutritive parts of the diet pose risks to health --or improve health--and at what levels?(3)What contaminants--either natural or industrial in origin--are dangerous?(4)Do substances added to the human diet pose health risks?(5)Which people are most affected by substances added to the diet,and in what amounts?What factors--such as age,sex,genetics-- affect an individual's risk of being affected by factors in the diet?(6)What diet is best for promoting health and preventing disease?
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